Nutrient and antinutrient components of red type sorghum. It is based on the novel red sorghum clan by nobel laureate mo yan. Major antinutritional factors, which are found in edible crops include saponins, tannins, phytic acid, gossypol, lectins, protease inhibitors, amylase inhibitor, and goitrogens. One of the main reasons for processing foods is to make sure that their nutritional value is maintained over long periods and, where possible, improved. Four sorghum hybrids were characterized and evaluated. For that, kutukutu 700 g was prepared in the laboratory and inoculated with pure cultures of lab 10 9 cfuml. Grain legumes are good sources of protein minerals and bioactive substances that exert metabolic effects on human and animals that consumes these foods on regular basis whose effects may be positive or negative or both. Selected antinutritional factors and invitro protein. Sorghum basically contains two major antinutritional factors. Nov 12, 2017 the research aimed to study the effect of malting and fermentation on antinutritional factors anf and functional property of sorghum flour. Sorghum is considered as a most important food crop in the world, following wheat, rice, maize and barley. The increase in the germination time led to a decrease in the phytate content from the initial range of 1004.
Antinutrients can exhibit beneficial health effects if present in small amounts or cause nutrient deficiencies. Anti nutritional factors can be classified variously depending on i. Malting and fermentation effects on antinutritional. Legumes and cereals contain high amounts of macronutrients and micronutrients but also antinutritional factors.
Torrie, principles and procedures of statistics, mcgrawhill book company, inc. Effect of germination on mineral bioavailability of sorghumbased complementary foods. It was initially given an ad hoc english title the red sorghum clan in some sources wang 1996 but was translated from the chinese by howard goldblatt in 1993 with the subtitle red sorghum a novel of china. Jun 17, 20 legumes plays an important role in the traditional diets of large section of the population in the developing world. These refer to factors that arise out of the interaction of sorghum proteins with nonprotein components like polyphenols, non. Effect of processing method on the proximate composition. Unfortunately, sorghum has low nutritional value and inferior organoleptic qualities due to the presence of anti nutritional factors which make complexes with food ingredients 6.
Plant food antinutritional factors and their reduction strategies. Another climax 1941 grandmas funeral is interrupted by an attack from the jiaogao regiment. Report by african journal of food, agriculture, nutrition and development. It is also present in some energy sources like sorghum, it contains tannin.
In other parts of the world, red or purple varieties of lowyield sorghum continue to be grown. Effect of germination on mineral bioavailability of. It is narrated by a young man at the end of the cultural revolution who tells the stories of his father, douguan. Tannin is the most abundant antinutritional factor in sorghum 34.
Mohammed atanda usman, mathew kolawole bolade, jelili babatunde hussein, selected antinutritional factors and invitro protein digestibility of some sorghum types as influenced by germination time during malting, international journal of food science and biotechnology. Arendt, emanuele zannini, in cereal grains for the food and beverage industries, 20. Red sorghum is a novel of family, myth, and memory, set during the fratricidal barbarity of the 1930s, when the chinese battled both japanese invaders and each other. The film marked the directorial debut of internationally acclaimed filmmaker zhang yimou, and the acting debut of film star gong li. Antioxidantrich natural grain products and human health. The effect of germination time, during malting, on phytate and tannin concentration as well as on the in vitro protein digestibility of some sorghum types was investigated. Nutritional properties and antinutritional factors of corn. It is a proteinrich ingredient that is widely used to feed all classes of livestock. Brown or red sorghum types are generally preferred. Commercial sorghum species are native to tropical and subtropical regions of africa and asia.
Antinutritional factors combine with nutrients and act as the major concern because of reduced nutrient. The effect of germination time, during malting, on phytate and tannin concentration as well as on the invitro protein digestibility of some sorghum types was investigated. Antinutritional factors are widespread food compounds that are especially challenging for those choosing a predominantly plantbased diet i. Sorghum is now a globally important commercial crop. Abstract this study tested influences of germination and germination in combination with autoclaving on antinutritional factors anfs and digestibility of four grain legumes field pea, chick pea. The red in the title refers both to the communist party, and to all the blood that was shed. Agricultural industry foodcookingnutrition health, general bioavailability research germination properties. The iron society flees and little foot jiang is shot in the foot by granddad. Antinutritional factors anfs, by definition, are those biological compounds present in human or animal foods that reduce nutrient utilization or food intake, thereby contributing to impaired gastrointestinal and metabolic performance dunlop, 2004. Antinutritional factors in soybean are quite surplus. Antinutritional factors are compounds which reduce the nutrient utilization andor food intake of plants or plant products used as human foods and they play a vital role in determining the use of plants for humans.
Readers of this book may also be interested in the standards for sorghum and pearl millet. Table 11 summarizes the major groups of antinutritional factors present in plant feedstuffs with more specific examples given in table 12. The presence of endogenous antinutritional factors within plant feedstuffs results. Effect of processing methods on nutritional composition and antinutritional factors in lentils lens culinaris. Red sorghum is one of the books i once started, but didnt finish, a book with multiple timelines that reach back to the time when japan invaded china. The plants are cultivated in warmer climates worldwide. Oct 23, 2012 inspired by mos 1997 novel red sorghum, which zhang yimou adapted into an awardwinning film, the government also plans to create a red sorghum culture and experience zone in pingan. Pdf effects of malting and fermentation on antinutrient. Antinutritional factors are present in some feedstuffs and absent in some. Tannins are high in sorghum with brown pericarp and no testa and very low in unpigmented grains.
Each has a detrimental effect it plays in the absorption of nutrients in the animal gut. The report shows that 192 gm is loaded with 632 kcal which offers a calorie rich diet with other minerals and vitamins. Esh1, meko1, red swazi, and karimtams have higher nutritional and mineral and. These refer to factors that arise out of the interaction of sorghum proteins with nonprotein components like polyphenols, nonstarch polysaccharides, starch, phytates and lipids. Malting and fermentation effects on antinutritional components and. A westerners reflection on mo yan world literature today. Plant food antinutritional factors and their reduction. The fact that it was made in 1988, and shot in china in cinemascope and color, doesnt make it a modern film, but that is quite all right. Red sorghum s plot revolves around three generations of the shandong family between 1923 and 1976. Anti nutritional factor can be defined as a substance which under practical circumstances can impair some aspect of animal metabolism and produce adverse biological or economic effects in animal production. That said, the book red sorghum is mo yans attempt to face memory in the first person. Legumes plays an important role in the traditional diets of large section of the population in the developing world. Kumar and dmello,1995 and the cyanogenic glycoside, dhurrin located mainly in the aerial shoot and sprouted seeds olomu, 1995.
Red sorghum is a 1987 chinese film about a young womans life working on a distillery for sorghum liquor. The main internal factors are the amino acid sequence of the proteins and protein folding and crosslinking. Some cereals which contain high antinutritional factors such as tannins and phytates tend to have. The objective of the research was to gain an understanding among grain sorghum quality factors and chinese egg noodles quality. Antinutrients are common in oil seeds and plant protein sources, like soybeans, cotton and groundnut. Etuk and others published antinutritional factors in sorghum. Fermented flour was good due to reduced anf and improved. The presence of endogenous antinutritional factors within plant feedstuffs results in limiting their use in food or feed stuff. Fermentation and germination improve nutritional value of. Red sorghum is a large novel with a tolstoyan scope, and if any sequels appear, it will instantly become one of the grand fictions of our time. Inspired by mos 1997 novel red sorghum, which zhang yimou adapted into an awardwinning film, the government also plans to create a red sorghum culture and. The technological processes such as mechanical, thermal, chemical, and biological processes are used to reduce antinutritional factors content and to improve the bioavailability of nutriments. Commercial sorghum is the cultivation and commercial exploitation of species of grasses within the genus sorghum often s. The main internal factors are the amino acid sequence.
One such factor is the presence of goitrogens in oilseeds. Effect of processing methods on nutritional composition. Yimou zhang, li gong, wen jiang, rujun ten, zhigang chen, kun dong, guoguang du, xiaoguang hu, liu jia, cunhua ji, yimou zhang, categoryarthouse, categoryasia, festival berlin international film festival, film movie china chinese, film movie foreign, red sorghum hong gao liang het rode korenveld, red sorghum, hong gao liang, het rode korenveld. I asked the same question as i began reading red sorghum, the most famous novel by mo yan real name guam moye. Fnb news antinutritional factors in food and plant. Antinutritional factors, their chemistry, methods of removal of antinutritional factors 4 3 processing of legumes of home scale, cottage scale and commercial methods of dehulling. The main reason for the retardation in fish growth and the reduction of protein utilization when soyabean meal content is increased in the diets, seemed to be that the destruction of anti. The factors that contribute to the poor protein digestibility of sorghum may be divided into two broad categories. Mar 17, 2020 antinutritional factors anf are compounds which reduce the nutrient utilisation or food intake of plants or plant products when used as human foods soetan and oyewole, 2009. Sorghum is an excellent source of riboflavin, vitamin b6, thiamin and minerals such as iron, potassium, manganese and magnesium. Foods free fulltext protein digestibility of cereal. Red sorghum is the sort of scenic, romantic, violent, symbolic melodrama that flowered in the early years of the cinema. I was at the book fair in frankfurt when the nobel prize for literature 2012 was announced. Pearl millet pennisetum typhoideum was fermented with lactobacilli or yeasts alone and in combination, and with natural microflora after various processing treatments, as grinding, soaking, debranning, dry heat treatment, autoclaving and germination.
Agricultural industry foodcookingnutrition health, general chemical properties nutritional aspects. Oct 16, 2018 one of the main reasons for processing foods is to make sure that their nutritional value is maintained over long periods and, where possible, improved. May 19, 2015 the aim of this study is to reduce antinutritional factors and to improve the nutritional properties of kutukutu during fermentation with lactic acid bacteria lab. However kutukutu contains many antinutritional factors such as phytic acid, polyphenols, and tannins which reduce bioavailability and digestibility of proteins and carbohydrates through formation of complex with minerals and inhibition of enzymes. Antinutritional factors an overview sciencedirect topics. Protein digestibility of red sorghum, white sorghum and. Reduction of antinutritional factors of sorghum by lactic. Sorghum grown in the united states is usually this hybrid variety, which is a white sorghum with a white seed coat, champagnecolored body and wheatcolored head. Effect of processing method on the proximate composition, mineral content and antinutritional factors of taro colocasia esculenta, l. Sorghum facts, health benefits and nutritional value. Rapeseed meal, called canola meal in north america, australia and some other countries, is the byproduct of the extraction of oil from rapeseed brassica napus l. The acclaimed novel of love and resistance during late 1930s china by mo yan, winner of the 2012 nobel prize in literature spanning three generations, this novel of family and myth is told through a series of flashbacks that depict events of staggering horror set against a landscape of gemlike beauty, as the chinese battle both japanese invaders and each other in the turbulent 1930s. The presence of endogenous antinutritional factors within plant feedstuffs is believed to be the largest single factor limiting their use within compounded animal and fish feeds at high dietary levels.
Jul, 2018 antinutritional factors are present in some feedstuffs and absent in some. In the present study, thirtyfive sorghum varieties released by the national sorghum. Moench grain is the fifth major staple cereal after wheat, rice, maize and barley. Antinutritional factors combine with nutrients and act as the major. Examples of external factors are physical inaccessibility due to entrapment in e. A novel of china by mo yan first published in chinese 1987 english translation by howard goldblatt 1993 over decades that seem but a moment in time, lines of scarlet figures shuttled among the sorghum stalks to weave a vast human tapestry. The antinutritional factors present in sorghum grain are mainly polyphenols and phytic. Mo yans red sorghum village home may never be the same. Antioxidant activity of methanolic extracts from some grains consumed in korea revealed that the methanolic extracts prepared from red sorghum and black rice showed significantly higher antioxidant activities and contained higher polyphenolic contents than other grains such as white rice, brown rice, mungbean, foxtail millet, prosomillet.
Protein digestibility is a result of both external and internal factors. The effects of microwave cooking and other traditional cooking methods such as boiling and autoclaving on the nutritional composition and antinutritional factors of lentils were studied. Udedibie department of animal science and technology federal university of technology, owerri, nigeria email. Contrastingly different from the south, mo yan describes the northeast as the most beautiful and repulsive, most unusual and most common, most sacred and most corrupt, most heroic and. Characterization of nutritional, antinutritional, and mineral contents. Red sorghums plot revolves around three generations of. Goodreads members who liked red sorghum also liked. Find books like red sorghum from the worlds largest community of readers. Fermentation was carried out at 30c for 48 hours withlactobacillus plantarum lp andrhodotorula r isolated from naturally fermented pearl. Diversity, users perception and food processing of sorghum.
The aim of this study is to reduce antinutritional factors and to improve the nutritional properties of kutukutu during fermentation with lactic acid bacteria lab. Phytic acid is one of the antinutritional factors common in cereals, which is responsible for binding minerals thus making them not readily bioavailable liang et al. These antinutrients do not reduce the number of amino acids in the soybean, but reduce the digestibility and absorption of the protein, hence, making the nutrient unavailable for the animals to utilize. Udedibie department of animal science and technology federal university of technology, owerri. Prussic acid causes asphyxiation by inhibiting the action of the enzyme that links oxygen with red blood cells allison, 2002. Characterization of sorghum grain and evaluation of sorghum. The most prevalent antinutritional factors in legumes are those dealing with protein, but there are also a number of other factors that decrease the nutritional value of food legumes. Antinutritional factors anf are compounds which reduce the nutrient utilisation or food intake of plants or plant products when used as human foods soetan and oyewole, 2009. In addition, the antinutritional factors present in these foods and ways of. The film marked the directorial debut of internationally acclaimed filmmaker zhang yimou, and. Antinutritional factors in sorghum sorghum basically contain two important antinutritional factors, tannin, a polyphenolic compound located in the grain purseglove, 1972. It is cultivated worldwide in warmer climates and is an important food crop in semiarid tropical areas of africa, asia and central america. Red sorghum, however, defies this tradition and is set in the rough northeast gaomi township, where mo yan, the author of the novel red sorghum, comes from.
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