This plan includes all victims of trafficking in persons, whereas the previous action plan focused only on women trafficked for sexual exploita tion. Albania alternative report to the optional protocol of the convention on. Whether they are at risk of persecution on account of such. From the data we came to understand that trafficking in women into prostitution was present and developing normally, doubling from year to year. It is estimated that there are over 10,000 albanian girls and women who are currently or who formerly have been victims of illegal trafficking for the purpose of enforced. Third country national trafficking victims in albania. In the same period 2001 began the acknowledged of trafficking as a wound of the albanian society and the state began to seriously hit this phenomenon through the implementation of legal reform, including provisions in the penal code, which predicted more severe penalties against kathy. This transition appears to be a cause of vulnerability to human trafficking at a structural level. Albanian victims are subjected to conditions of forced labor and sex trafficking within albania and greece, italy, north macedonia, kosovo, and western europe. Cece was the victim of attempted sex trafficking by a local gang member notorious for kidnapping young albanian women and forcing them into prostitution. Within albania, trafficking victims may be traded two to three. Governmental policies and program responses in terms of laws, prevention and shelters for victims are described, along with lessons for addressing.
Jul 09, 2015 albanias communist past is inescapably dark in character perhaps more so than most other postcommunist nations. This book challenges every common presumption that exists about the trafficking of women for the sex trade. Human trafficking, human rights, legislation, albania. Albania is a source and destination country for men, women, and children subjected to sex trafficking and forced labor. State departments 2017 trafficking in persons report, which noted an increase in prosecutions and the use of a special fund that draws from the seized assets of traffickers to provide. Reintegration services for albanian victims of trafficking. Trafficking of women is a criminal phenomenon that violates basic human rights, and totally destroying victims lives. The lack of available data from victims of sextrafficking and albanian government limits the ability of researchers to evaluate the effectiveness of antisex trafficking response by albanian government. We have been providing support for albanian trafficking survivors since 2003. Whether it is a risk for an individual claimant will turn in part on the factors that led to the initial trafficking and on her personal circumstances, including her background and. The political transition and changes occurred to the albanian market economy influenced extensively child trafficking issue and made children a major target for trafficking. Known as a hotspot for the trading of human beings, it has developed a sickening reputation for the cruelty and harmful treatment of women and minors. Dec 09, 2016 this year, 22% of hestias human trafficking service referrals have been albanian women and children. Womens vulnerability is increased by poverty, patriarchal gender patterns and historical events.
Pdf davies,john my name is not natasha how albanian. The girls and women assisted belonged to various age groups. According to unicef, the duplicity of domestic violence and human trafficking in albanian women has meant that in some rural areas of the country 90% of adolescent girls leave secondary school for fear of being kidnapped. Human trafficking for sexual purposes is a significant human rights violation, as well as a crime of international proportions. Evaluation of child trafficking in albania farruku. It is a detailed account of an entire population of trafficked albanian women whose varied experiences, including selling sex on the streets. In a womens refuge in southern albania, the victims of trafficking and violence are mere schoolgirls, 10 or 12 of them eyeing us shyly and looking impossibly young. Human trafficking albania mission to prevent human trafficking of women, girls, children, youth. Improve level of official assistance and advice available to all actual or potential albanian victims of trafficking abroad. This book challenges every common presumption on the trafficking of women for the sex trade. Albanias cultish dictator of forty years, enver hoxha, manufactured a. Iom is committed to the principle that human and orderly migration benefits migrants and society. Jul 20, 2012 the purpose of this paper is to analyze the nature of this problem and governmental and societal responses. Child trafficking and protecting child victims of trafficking 20057, as envisaged in action plan 20034.
Albania has been identified as an important source of individuals who are trafficked as well as an entry point from eastern europe and russia into western europe. In 2001, albanian johana cece fled her hometown of korce, near albania. Albanian women and children are primarily subjected to sex trafficking within albania. The inter agency referral system iars project interviewed and assisted 29 victims of trafficking vots of foreign nationality who were stranded in albania. Albanian women and children are subject to sex trafficking and forced labor within the country, especially during tourist season. A 1997 study by useful to albanian women an albanian ngo indicated about 10,000 young albanian women were prostitutes in italy and greece, with many other young women in other countries lacava and nanetti, 2000. Albania, borders, victimhood, human trafficking, migrant population, osce, iom. But in 20, albania identified only 95 victims of human trafficking, according to the trafficking in persons report. Albanian people are particularly vulnerable to trafficking because of their countrys past and its location.
The applicable law on criminal acts committed by albanian citizens article 7 the applicable law on criminal acts committed by foreign citizens. Women s vulnerability is increased by poverty, patriarchal gender patterns and historical events. The government enacted the decision of the council of ministers no. Human trafficking took hold in albania following the collapse of communism in 1990, and the country has since become known as a source nation for people being kidnapped, smuggled and then sold. Findings on the worst forms of child labor albania u.
Most victims were women and girls aged 15 to 25 who were sold as sex workers. Approximately half of the victims referred for care within the country in 2009 were albanian. A pilot project to support foster carers looking after albanian and vietnamese unaccompanied children child trafficking protection fund project evaluation report 1 introduction rationale the child trafficking protection fund was designed to provide opportunities to pilot new ways to. Association of albanian girls and women aagw, antitrafficking, tirana, albania. Trafficking in women is an ancient enterprise that dates back nearly to the beginnings of civilizations. There has been a growing awareness of human trafficking as a human rights issue in europe see main article. How albanian women in france use trafficking to overcome social exclusion 199820 01. Albanian victims are subjected to sex trafficking within albania and in greece, italy, macedonia, kosovo, belgium, netherlands, germany, switzerland, ireland, and the united kingdom. Strengthening responses to child trafficking and modern slavery.
After communism fell, economic hardship left many people desperate. However, authorities are becoming more proactive in addressing the issue, according to the u. Human traffickers exploit domestic and foreign victims in albania, and traffickers exploit victims from albania abroad. The end of communism has contributed to an increase in human trafficking, with the majority of victims being women forced into prostitution. It is estimated that there are over 10,000 albanian girls and women who are currently or who formerly have been victims of illegal trafficking for the purpose of enforced prostitution, one third of whom are younger than eighteen. My name is not natasha gives a detailed account of over 50 albanian women living in a single french city whose varied experiences including. In 2018, albania made a moderate advancement in efforts to eliminate the worst forms of child labor.
Albanias communist past is inescapably dark in character perhaps more so than most other postcommunist nations. The trafficking of albanian children in greece terre des hommes january 2003. Activities with girls age 1416 aim at helping them understand their values and skills, building up their skills, and motivating them to make best use of these to overcome. Girls are encouraged to glow glow girls lead our world camp is an activity which takes place every year with kallmet girls in joint partnership with peace corps volunteers. Article 114b trafficking of women article 115 use of premises for prostitution article 116 homosexuality repealed by law no.
It dates back to the fall of communism in the early 1990s. Female slaves were often highly valued in the ancient nations for use as prostitutes, concubines, or to breed more slaves. Ultimately, cece sought refuge in the united states and applied for asylum. Association of albanian girls and women aagw, anti. This year, 22% of hestias human trafficking service referrals have been albanian women and children. Other victims included those trafficked for forced labor and children who were used for forced begging. Hope and being willing to take risks to find better economic and social circumstances are key factors relating to migration and human trafficking within albania.
Article 114 a trafficking in women for prostitution. Traffickers use false promises such as marriage or employment offers to force victims into sex trafficking. Returning to albania meant returning to the threat of sex trafficking. This is the first theoretically based attempt at analyzing governmental and societal responses to. The prices depend on the woman, with younger women generally commanding higher prices. Trafficking in women is not a new phenomenon, but in the recent decades, it has. The consolidated version as of december 20 has been done by pameca, while the two last amendments referred to hereunder have been done by euralius iv. Since the early 1990s child trafficking has become a highly sensitive issue of national concern in albania. A study of trafficking in women and children for sexual exploitation to, through and from the balkan region is published by the international organization for migration. Key words albania human trafficking sexual trafficking violence.
Similarly to global trends that women from poorer countries are either enticed or coerced. Albania continues to struggle with human trafficking. More than 5000 albanian women have been victims of trafficking in the past decade. Borders, security, and human trafficking in albania researchgate. Albanian human trafficking has been of the utmost concern over the last few decades. Human rights violations in the process of trafficking target audience. Albanian women and child victims are primarily subjected to sex. Though trafficking in human beings grew into a serious problem in our country, the albanian government during those years had not yet taken any measures to prevent and reduce it. Trafficking of women and children for sexual exploitation. Unofficial translation of the consolidated version of the law 7895, dated 27011995, criminal code of the republic of albania. Article 511 prescribed penalties of five to 10 years imprisonment for trafficking offenses involving adult male victims, and 10 to 16 years imprisonment if the victim was a woman or child, or exploited in bacha bazi. In 2002, albania was still the main transit point for trafficking of women and girls from central and eastern europe.
The trafficking of women for sexual exploitation is an international, organized, criminal phenomenon that has grave consequences for the safety, welfare and human rights of its victims. Trafficking in children is just one of the most dramatic symptoms of this in that the collapse of basis public utilities,the rural exodus,the breakup of families and the need to survive make children so to speak the cheapest and most docile raw. Human trafficking in albania was widespread after the fall of communism, during the yugoslav wars of the 1990s, and after the pyramid scheme collapse in 199798. But more frequently, investigators say, kosovo is a trafficking hub for women sold into prostitution rings in the united arab emirates, israel, western european capitals and elsewhere.
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